Enterprise Architecture—Part #5: Business Architecture

After you sketch out the high-level business processes across the organization, you can focus on the business architecture (business model) of your core business area. You should document the key business processes—sequences of activities—and, in describing the activities, lay out the information that’s being used in the activities or provided from one activity to another. The details depend on your specific business, but it’s important to cover activities that focus on doing the work as well as the activities that are for managing the work. It's also important to keep an eye on the future and define the business processes in light of how you want the business to operate in the future.

When describing the business processes, it's helpful to think in terms of key events such as a customer's interaction with your organization, the initiation and completion of work, how the work flows through the organization, and how work progress is tracked. You would focus on areas such as real-time transactions, sales activities, customer service, manufacturing processes, publishing process—whatever applies to your business. When you describe the business activities, list the information (data) created or updated by each activity as well as the business rules that apply to that activity. Later on, the data creation/update information will be useful when you focus on the data architecture. To document the business processes, you can simply sketch diagrams of the business activities labeled with information flows and write descriptions of the business activities.

I should mention that there are some standards for business processes modeling, but you would have to learn the standards and buy one or more tools to use them. These standards include: UML (Unified Modeling Language)—a software modeling standard that can also describe business processes; BPMN (business process modeling notation)—a graphical notation that depicts the steps in a business process; and BPEL (business process execution language)—an XML-based language to describe business processes for Web Services. A graphical modeling tool that supports BPMN can be helpful, but if you don't have the resources to buy a modeling tool, you can still document the business architecture manually with sketches and textual descriptions.

Previous EA posts: #1: Is it one enterprise or many enterprises?  #2: The parts that Make Up the Whole #3: Four Basic Components of an EA  #4: Developing the Architecture

Tags: enterprise architecture EA architecture IT business modeling BPM BPMN BPEL UML

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